SUNLAND
LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER

SUNLAND Liquid Organic Fertilizer is aloevera based liquid's organic fertilizer, combined with seaweed and humic acid, and other natural materials. Processed through the extraction and fermentation to produce liquid organic fertilizer that contains variety of dissolved organic nutrients and friendly environment, to guarantee an increase in the quantity and quality of crop production.

SUNLAND Liquid Organic Fertilizer a complete liquid organic fertilizer, contains various nutrients needed for plant growth, functional microbia (biofertilizer) a combination of bacteria and fungi that are useful for improving soil fertility and plant growth. SUNLAND contains a complete nutritional composition, either in the form of macro and micro nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and plant growth regulator.

CONTENT

Aloevera contain micro elements (trace element), amino acids, PGR, enzymes and active ingredients compounds (aloin, barbaloin, etc.) which is a natural antibiotic protection against pathogen.
Enriched fungtional microorganism, working in the soil to provide nitrogen by fixation into the soil and root tissue, solubilizing phosphate and provide PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria).
Enriched humic acid, to increase the Cation Exchange Capacity in the soil and improve the efficiency the use inorganic fertilizers.

ADVANTAGES

Stimulates plant growth (vegetative) and generative growth.
Improve plant resistance to environmental changes and pathogen.
Increase the quantity and quality of crops production.
Improving the efficiency of fertilizers use (inorganic fertilizer).
Easily applied by spraying or watering.
Can be used for food crops, horticulture, plantation and perennial crops and ornamental plants.

Composition of Nutrients:

N : 1.14 %	P₂O₅ : 1,02 %	K₂O : 1,03 %
Fe : 345,23 ppm	Mn : 58,85 ppm	Zn : 21,70 ppm
B : 371,58 ppm	Mo : <0,20 ppm	Co : <0,05 ppm
Cu : 23,30 ppm	Organik Carbon : 5,08 %

Population of Functional Microorganism :

1.Rhizobium (Bradyrhizobium japonicum	4,8 x 10 x 10⁸ cfu/ml
2. Azospirillum sp.	1,2 x 10⁸ cfu/ml
3. Bacillus subtilis	6,5 x 10⁹ cfu/ml
4. Aspergillus niger	5,0 x 10⁸ cfu/ml
5. Lactobacillus sp.	2,7 x 10⁹ cfu/ml
6. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ((Pseudomonas putida))	7,4 x 10⁹ cfu/ml

Aloevera:
Aloevera contain more than 90% water and the rest of the various active ingredients such as amino acids, minerals, vitamins, enzymes, glycoproteins and carbohydrates. Large water content can be utilized for liquid organic fertilizer as a liquid solvent medium, as well as the composition of various chemical compounds can be dissolved as nutrients for plants. Aloevera contains water, then in the process of making liquid organic fertilizer significantly been reduced to the addition of liquid fertilizer products produced. Waste generated from the screening process and extortion, could be used as solid organic fertilizer because its water level has been substantially reduced.
Various elements and chemical compounds that are naturally contained in aloevera can be used to enrich the content of nutrients and active ingredients that will dissolve in a liquid organic fertilizer products produced, for example:

Content of aloe vera	Benefits and function in plants or soil
Mono dan polysacarida (selulosa, glukosa, manosa, aldopentosa), lignin	Type of carbohydrate that will break down into organic carbon sources that very important function to the soil, improving the physical soil's properties, chemical and biological. Degraded into humic acid and fulvic acid. Also a good energy source for microbial.
N,P,K (macro nutrients)	Type of macro element, essential elements for plant growth, need in large quantities. N, an important constituent of chlorophyll in plant photosynthesis process and increase the growth of vegetative of plants. P, essential element that are important for the synthesis of carbohydrates and energy-forming to plants, respiration, cell division and formation of generative phase of plant growth, stimulates root growth K, essential nutrient that stimulates early growth, increases protein production, improves the efficiency of water use, is vital for stand persistence, longevity, and winter hardiness, and improves resistance to diseases and insects.
Mg, Ca, (Secondary nutrients)	Ca, stimulates the formation of roots and leaves, reinforcing the structure of plants. Mg, chlorophyll constituent, affects the synthesis of enzyme, stimulates fruit formation.
Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, etc (micro nutrients/trace elements)	Is a vital trace element which affects the vegetative and generative growth phase of plants, the quality and quantity of production. If one is not available or less, growth and yield of crops may not reach optimum levels.
Amino acid	Building blocks of protein, forming plant growth regulators, affect plant health, growth and cell differentiation.
Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, C, niacin, collin, etc)	Accelerate cell division, coenzyme of various physiological synthesis and metabolism of plants, the energy transfer.
Enzym	Catalyzing the various metabolic processes and synthesis in the body of plants
innositol	Affect the differentiation and tissue formation.
aloin, iso barbaloin, aloe emodin, etc	Increase resistance and plant health, protection against pathogens of plant diseases.

Seaweed:

-Material that have varied and complete mineral content, that will provide complete micro elements in organic fertilizers.
-Seaweed is rich in plant hormones (plant growth regulators) which stimulate the vegetative and generative plant growth.
-Seaweeds contain gelatine, use as an adhesive at the time of spraying applications, not easily washed away by water or rain.
-Seaweed is also a good medium for microbial growth and providing a variety of organic nutrients (eg amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and organic elements), very useful for plants and soil fertility.

Seaweed's extract fertilizer contain amino acids and micro elements such as Cu, Fe, Zn and Mg. Seaweed contains the polysaccharide alginate, alginic acid, unsaturated fatty acids, and plant growth regulator (PGR), such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellin and absisic acid.

Enhance root growth.
Seaweed contains complete minerals, increase the availability of micro elements for plants.
Seaweed is a natural chelation.
Chelation facilitate the positively charged elements (cations) to easily fit into a negatively charged plant tissue through the roots. In the form of chelat, minerals are seven to ten times more available for plants. Seaweeds contain a strong chelating agent (mannitol) which is naturally found in seaweed. The content of mannitol about 10% of the dry weight of seaweed.
Improve structure, texture and soil's water holding capacity.
Alginic acid contained in the seaweed can be a good soil conditioner, which can absorb water, help retain soil moisture, soil structure and help form a crumbly soil. Moreover, it can increase the bond between soil particles, especially for sandy soils.
Improving the ability of anti-stress plants.
Stress in plants is a reaction to environment changes and generate hormonal response. Hormones in seaweed can help control or reduce stress. Type of hormones contained in seaweed include gibberellic acid and cytokinins. Stress associated with the growth phase. Germination is an early critical point in plants growth. Gibberellic acid proved to be a promoter of the germination phase, so the use of seaweed fertilizer can enhance germination. The transition from vegetative to generative phase (reproduction) is also a critical point for plants. Gibberellins is closely associated with the emergence of flowering, whereas cytokinins associated with the buds formation. The use of seaweed fertilizer can improve the optimization of generative phase of plants. Gibberellins in seaweed also helps improve the immune response of plants against pathogen attack of plant diseases. Stress can be caused by environmental conditions such as drought or flooded. During periods of drought, cytokines regulate the closure of stomata to reduce transpiration and evaporation. When the plant flooded by water, translocation of cytokinin in the plants is interrupted, so it takes delivery of cytokinins from the outside. The use of fertilizer made from seaweed ensure the provision of cytokinins to the plants in those condition's.
Increasing immunity of plants to cold temperatures.
Seaweed also contains absisic acid and polyamino compounds that can protect plants from damage caused by cold temperatures.
Seaweed fertilizer can improve the quality of the crop to be more durable in storage.
Seaweed contains complex carbohydrates and has two important functions for the plant. First, it stimulates the growth of microorganisms in the soil and helps the absorption of nutrients by plant roots. Besides protecting the plants from soil borne diseases. Seaweed's extract fertilizer has a complete and balanced nutrition, so as to stimulate flowering and increase sugar content of fruit.

Humic acid:
Added to enrich the content of organic carbon and enhance the ability of cation exchange in soil. Humic acid is a nutrient and a good medium for the growth of functional microorganisms in the soil. Increase nutrient uptake by plants because it can bind to more efficient nutrient can be absorbed by plants. Humic acid help increase soil fertility and soil crumb.

Humic acid is a substance that has a complex structure with a molecular weight of 1,500. Practically insoluble or settle with the acid, but soluble with bases. Chemical structure of humic acid have many functional groups include:

Carboxyl group (-COOH) and phenol group (-OH), both having a negative ion charge that positive ions can bind heavy metals and form an organo-metallic complexes or chelate compounds;
Quinone groups are able to capture and collect sunlight and convert energy in the form of higher energy levels.

The benefits of humic acid
Humic acid is useful to improve soil fertility. The role of humic acid to the soil is related to changes in soil properties, improve the nature of physics, biology, and soil chemistry.

Effect of humic acid on soil physical properties
- -Humic acid has the 80-90% water arbsortion ability. So the vertically water movement (infiltration) increase rather than horizontally, useful for reducing the risk of soil erosion. It also increases soil ability to hold water.
- -Humic acids contribute to improve soil structure. Humic acid is easy to form a complexes bond in the ground and is a good medium for the growth of microorganisms in the soil such as fungi and bacteria. Humic acid used as a constituent of the body and the energy source for microbes. Fungi in soil are able to unite the land into aggregates, the bacteria function as the cement that unites the aggregate, while fungi can improve the physical grain quality. The result is a more friable, crumb soil's structure and lighter relatively.
- -Improve soil's aeration due to the increase in soil pores (porosity) due to the formation of aggregates. Air in soil pores are generally dominated by the gases O2, N2, and CO2, so it is important for respiration of soil's microorganisms and plant roots.
- -Makes soil color becomes dark brown, increasing the absorption of solar radiation that will increase the soil temperature becomes warmer.
Effect of humic acids on soil chemical properties
- -Increases cation exchange capacity (CEC). Such improvements increase the ability of soil to hold nutrients, especially micro-elements. Humic acid forms a complex with the micro elements that protects the nutrients from leaching by rainwater. Elements N, P, and K bound in organic form or bound by microorganism. Humic acids can increase the efficiency the use of chemical fertilizers (inorganic).
- -Humic acid can bind heavy metals (forming compounds chelate) then settled it and reducing soil toxicity.
- -Increasing the pH of acid soil because of use of chemical fertilizers continuously. Especially soil that contains high aluminum. Humic acid binds complex's alumunium as a compound that difficult to dissolve in water (insoluble) so it will not be hydrolyzed and not poisoned to plants.
- -The complex bonds between humic acids with Fe and Al is the anticipation of bonding that occurs between P - Al and P - Fe, so Phosphate can be optimally absorbed by plants.

Biofertilizer (functional soils microorganism):

-Add in organic fertilizers both as fermentation agents and as a enrich of organic fertilizer.
-Biofertilizer is a combination of several types of functional microbes that can serve as a fermenting agent and as a biological fertilizer that will work in the soil to increase soil fertility and assist plant growth.
-Biofertilizer is a biological fertilizer, function to fertilize the soil, help provide nutrients for plants to capture nitrogen (N fixation), dissolved phosphate, and provides plant growth regulators, and as a competitor agent to reduce plant deseases pathogens in soil and plants.
-Improve plant resistance to disease and improve plant health and productivity.

Type of SUNLAND functional Microorganism :

Rhizobium (Bradyrhizobium japonicum))
Azospirillum sp.
Bacillus subtilis
Aspergillus niger
Lactobacillus sp.
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (Pseudomonas putida)

More than 79% of air contains nitrogen gas (N2), the need absolute of nitrogen for plant growth. Plants can not use directly or take nitrogen directly from the air. Several types of bacteria capable fixation (catch) nitrogen from the air, either non-symbiosis with plants (freeliving nitrogen-fixing bacteria) and symbiosis with the plant (root-nodulating bacteria). Type of bacteria that can catch nitrogen (N2) non-symbiotic from the air including Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp, Azotobacter sp, and Azospirillum sp. Types of symbiotic bacteria such as Rhizobium bacteria. Rhizobium is a bacterium symbiosis with legumes and set up a nodule. Nitrogen (N2) fixation bacteria in the root zone and the inner tissues of rice plants such as Azospirillum sp, has been shown Increase significantly nitrogen (N2) fixation.

In addition to tie up nitrogen, bacteria Azospirillum, Azotobacter and sp can also produce fitohormon or growth stimulating substances such as auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins, absisic acid, traumalin acid and ethylene. Cytokinins play a role in stimulating cell division in, increasing the number and size of leaves, as well as delay the aging of leaves, flowers, and fruit. Auxin function in stimulating and accelerating the growth of roots, stems and buds. Gibberellins play a role in the process of germination. Absisic acid enables plants to resistant to drought. Traumalin acid plays a role in wound healing processes in plants, whereas ethylene, play a role in the maturation and stimulate flowering in unison.

Phosphate (P) is one of the second essential elements after nitrogen, is essential for the photosynthesis and root development. Most forms of phosphate bound by soil colloids, so it is not available to plants (ready to absorbed). Generally, paddy fields in Indonesia has been saturated phosphate, phosphate can not be utilized as much as possible by the plant, because phosphate in the form of phosphate-bound in the soil, because it's generally the farmers still use phosphate fertilizer in paddy fields, although there were already adequate phosphate contents. In acid soils, phosphate will bound in the form of Al-P, Fe-P, alkaline phosphate was on the ground will bound with Ca into Ca-P forms a soluble complex compounds. Presence of phosphate binding causes the phosphate fertilizer provided inefficient, so it needs to be given in high doses. Phosphate fertilizer applied into the soil only 15-20% that can be absorbed by plants. While the rest will bound between soil colloids and to stay as a residue in the soil. This will cause a deficiency of phosphate for plant growth.

Several types of microorganisms in the form of bacteria, fungi or actinomycetes capable of dissolving the bound phosphate becomes available to plants. Strains of phosphate solubilizing bacteria including Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp and Alcaligenes sp generally these types of microorganisms living naturally in the rhizosphere zone (root zone). Phosphate molecules can be dissolved by microorganisms either biologically or chemically. Chemical process is the main mechanism in the dissolution of phosphate in the soil.

Bacillus sp is one type of bacteria that can dissolve the phosphate unavailable become available so it can be absorbed by plants. While the types of fungi that can dissolve the phosphate are generally derived from Deuteromycetes groups, among others, is Aspergillus niger. Fungi are the dominant solvent of phosphate in the soil are Penicillium and Aspergillus. Fungi phosphate solvent is predominantly found in acids soil Indonesia is the Aspergillus niger and Penicillium. Bacillus bacteria are also able to act as imunodulator, which acts to strengthen the immune system and prevent attacks plant pathogens and diseases through the soil and roots. Utilization of Bacillus sp biopesticide are known to suppress bacterial wilt disease in potato and tomato plants.

Dissolving of phosphate compounds by microorganisms phosphate solvent takes place as chemically and biologically, for both organic and inorganic forms of phosphate. Microorganisms solvent phosphate requires the presence of phosphate in the form available in the soil for its growth.
Mechanisms of chemically dissolving phosphate is the primary mechanism of dissolution of phosphate by microorganisms. Microorganisms that excrete a number of low-molecular-weight organic acids such as oxalic, succinic, tartaric, citric, acetic, formic, propionate, glycolate, glutamate, malate, fumarate. Increased organic acids is followed by a decrease in pH. PH changes play an important role in increasing the solubility of phosphate. Furthermore, these organic acids will react with phosphate binders such as Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Ca²⁺, or Mg²⁺ to form a stable organic chelate so as to liberate phosphate ions are bound and therefore can be absorbed by plants. Lactobacillus sp and Alcaligenes sp is a type of bacteria that produce lactic acid.

Biological phosphate dissolution occurs because the microorganism produces an enzyme phosphatase and enzyme fitase. Phosphatase is an enzyme that would result if a low phosphate availability. Phosphatase excreted by plant roots and microorganisms. In the soil the more dominant is the phosphatase produced by microorganisms. In the process of mineralization of organic material, an organic phosphate compound is broken down into inorganic forms of phosphate available to plants with the help of the enzyme phosphatase. phosphatase enzymes cut off bound phosphate by organic compounds into forms that are available.

Aspergillus niger can grow at an optimum temperature of 35-37°C, with a minimum temperature of 6-8°C, and maximum temperature of 45-47°C. Moreover, in the process of fungal growth requires sufficient oxygen (aerobic). In Aspergillus niger metabolism can produce citric acid, so it can dissolve the phosphate in the soil. Aspergillus niger did not produce mycotoxins that are harmful. Aspergillus niger is the microbes that are found and isolated from fertile lands. From the research, Aspergillus niger is also able to suppress and kill Podoshaera leucotricha causes downy mildew disease in vitro.

Alcaligenes sp is the biological agents are often used to control the disease antraknosa disease (yaws). In addition the bacteria Alcaligenes, agents of bacteria can also usesuch as Actinoplanes sp, Agrobacterium sp, Amorphospongarium, and Athrobacter sp.

Stimulant plant growth Rhizobacteria (RPTT) or the popular so-called plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of beneficial bacteria that aggressively colonize rizosfir (a thin layer of soil between 1-2 mm around the root zone). Activity RPTT benefit for plant growth, either directly or indirectly. RPTT influence based on its ability to provide and mobilize or facilitate the absorption of various nutrients in the soil as well as synthesize and modify the concentration of various stimulate growth of fitohormon. While the effect is not directly related to the ability RPTT suppress the activity of pathogens by producing various compounds or metabolites such as antibiotics.

Various types of bacteria have been identified as RPTT, among others of the genus Pseudmonas, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acetobacter, Burkholderia, and Bacillus. Utilization RPTT as important agents in the system of environmentally friendly agricultural production was further enhanced, because the use RPTT will reduce excessive use of synthetic chemical compounds, both in the supply of plant nutrients (biofertilizers) as well as in the control of soil borne pathogens (bioprotectans).

In general, the function RPTT in increasing plant growth are divided into three categories, namely:

As a promoter/ growth's stimulant (biostimulants) to synthesize and regulate the concentration of various plant growth regulators (fitohormon) such as indole acetic acid (AIA), giberellin, cytokinins, and ethylene in the root environment.
As a provider of nutrients (biofertilizers) N2 asimbiotic from the air and dissolving of P bound in the soil.
As a control derived from soil pathogens (bioprotectants) by producing a variety of antipathogen compound or metabolites such as β-1 ,3-glucanase, chitinase, antibiotics, and cyanide.

Biodecomposer :
That is currently widely used to understand the organism or bio-decomposer decaying organic material, that is organism decomposing nitrogen and carbon from organic materials (organic remains of plants and animal tissue that has died), namely bacteria, fungi, and aktinomisetes. Perombak organic material comprises perombak perombak primary and secondary. Primary Perombak is mesofauna perombak organic materials, such as colembolla, acarina that make organic matter / litter to be smaller. Earthworms eat the remains of the last crumb as faeces after digestion in the body of worms. Secondary decaying microorganisms is decay organic materials such as Trichoderma reesei, T.harzianuum, T. koningii, Phanerochaeta crysosporium, Cellulomonas, Pseudomonas, Thermospora, Aspegillus niger, A. terreus, Penicillium, and Streptomyces. Presence of soil fauna activity, facilitate of microorganisms to utilize organic materials, so that the mineralization process run faster and provide better nutrients for plants. Making the soil organic matter breaks down into simple organic compounds, as basic ion exchanger which store and release nutrients around the root zone.

Lactobacillus is a genus of gram-positive bacteria, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic. The genus of these bacteria make up most of the lactic acid bacteria, so named because most of its members can change the lactose and other sugars into lactic acid. Lactobacilli have the ability to degrade (composting) plants waste (decomposting) that is very good. Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp) is an aerobic bacteria and function to produce lactic acid from sugar, suppress the growth of harmful microorganisms, destroys organic materials such as cellulose into a simpler form with the aid of cellulase enzyme into selobiosa. Lactobacillus sp has the function of simple carbohydrates break down into lactic acid.

SUNLAND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER

SUNLAND
LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER